煙草在線據(jù)VIVA新聞報(bào)道編譯　　印尼政府為保護(hù)公眾健康免受吸煙危險(xiǎn)而采取的措施，以迂回的方式摧毀了家庭卷煙業(yè)。如果有這么多新的政府法規(guī)，能幸存下來的公司只有那些大規(guī)模的跨國煙草制造商。

　　Kudus卷煙公司協(xié)會主席Hafash Gunawan說：“過去有數(shù)千家丁香煙制造商。但自2005年以來，只剩下了幾十家了。”

　　據(jù)Hafash Gunawan說，小規(guī)模丁香卷煙業(yè)的經(jīng)營變得更為艱難。政府關(guān)于不斷變化，且越來越繁重的卷煙稅的法規(guī)，使丁香煙的經(jīng)營非常困難。

　　自2005年以來，印尼政府已經(jīng)制定了更多具體的煙草法規(guī)。他說：“如今，煙稅的計(jì)算更具體到每支卷煙。”

　　加入了跨國卷煙公司的印尼當(dāng)?shù)毓靖疫\(yùn)一些。由于得到較大的公司支持，它們通常能夠在約束加大的環(huán)境下幸存下來。

　　Hafash Gunawan說：“如今，好像是讓卷煙業(yè)去與國家官員相斗。”

　　在反煙活動眾多的環(huán)境下，更多國際規(guī)模的卷煙公司投資印尼。這些公司在印尼開展業(yè)務(wù)，控制現(xiàn)有的小規(guī)模公司。

　　從挽救丁香煙國家聯(lián)盟的記錄中透露出，自2005年2月世界衛(wèi)生組織推出《煙草控制框架公約》以來，跨國公司就向許多發(fā)展中國家擴(kuò)張卷煙業(yè)務(wù)。

　　它們是通過拓展市場、合并和收購來完成擴(kuò)張的。

　　不過，美國作為世界衛(wèi)生組織的總部，還必須簽署《煙草控制框架公約》。

　　到目前為止，由于美國政府發(fā)布了在美國禁止丁香煙的法令，印尼丁香煙業(yè)正變得更為艱難。但美國卻沒有禁止“白色”卷煙的經(jīng)銷。

　　美國的這項(xiàng)法令迫使印尼政府向世界貿(mào)易組織提起上訴。但在2011年9月2日星期五，世界貿(mào)易組織決定駁回印尼的訴訟，并禁止在美國銷售丁香煙，不過仍然允許出售薄荷卷煙。

Small Tobacco Companies May Stop Production

VIVA News
Mar 28, 2012

　　The government's measures to protect the public's health from the danger of smoking has in a roundabout way destroy home cigarette industry.? Provided the many new government regulations, the only tobacco companies that can survive the business are large-scale and multinational producers.

　　"There used to be thousands of kretek cigarette producers. Since 2005, only dozens are left," said Chairman of Kudus Cigarette Companies Society, Hafash Gunawan.

　　According to Hafash, the small-sized kretek cigarette industries are getting harder to operate. The government's regulations on cigarette taxes that are constantly changing and increasingly burdensome have made business difficult.

　　Since 2005, the government has established more specific tobacco regulations. "Now the tax calculation is more specific to per cigarette," he said.

　　Local companies that have joined multinational cigarette companies are more fortunate. They usually survived the regulating conditions because of the larger companies' support.

　　"Nowadays, it is as if the cigarette industry is pitted against the state officials," said Hafash.

　　Amid anti-smoking campaigns, more international-scale cigarette companies are investing in Indonesia. These companies started business in Indonesia by controlling the existing small-scale companies.

　　From the record of Kretek Rescue National Coalition (KNKP), it is revealed that since (Framework Convention on Tobacco Control/FCTC) World Health Organization (WHO) in February 2005, there has been a multinational corporation business expansion of foreign cigarettes into many developing countries.

　　Their measures are taken by expansion of the market, merger, and company acquisition.

　　However, the United States of America, as the WHO headquarters, has yet to ratify the FTCT treaty.

　　To date, the national kretek cigarette industry ecosystem is getting more difficult since the US government issued out a ban against clove cigarettes (kretek) in the U.S. The nation did not ban the distribution of "white" cigarettes.

　　The regulation has forced the Indonesian government to appeal to the World Trade Organization (WTO). However, on Friday, 2 September 2011, WTO decided to reject Indonesia's suit and banned the sale of kretek cigarettes in the U.S., but still allowed the sale of menthol cigarettes.