煙草在線據《雅加達郵報》報道編譯　　一個貿易協會表示，卷煙市場的下降和嚴格控煙規定的實施已經導致爪哇東部卷煙業數萬個工作崗位的流失。

　　卷煙雇主協會（Gapero）表示，小規模卷煙工廠從2007年的3000家下降到當前的1970家。在這個數據中，563家位于爪哇東部，相比于2007年的1100家工廠明顯下降。卷煙雇主協會瑪瑯分會主席霍尼說，2009年大瑪瑯有400家卷煙公司，到2013年這個數字下降到77家，并補充說，只有40家公司財務狀況“良好”。

　　“財務狀況良好的卷煙公司依然正常生產，而其它公司表現欠佳。今天，瑪瑯卷煙業務疲軟，這使得它不可能招聘新工人，”他在9月9日說。

　　同時，卷煙工廠協調員塞得·阿布巴卡·魯菲表示各種卷煙工廠都傾向于裁員以努力挽救他們的業務。

　　“瑪瑯卷煙公司平均將減少20%的雇員。該有效措施不僅適用于合同工人，還適用于正式員工。這樣做是為了防止企業倒閉，”他說。

　　魯菲說除了銷售下降，2015年威脅到該行業的另一方面是煙草稅的增加。

　　印尼的第四大卷煙制造商本圖煙草公司是裁員的公司之一。公司在8000名員工中提供1000個自愿裁員名額。

　　本圖煙草公司和監管事務主管塞弗·巴哈利·瑪法說，自愿裁員已經從9月8日提出。他說這些人員將不會影響公司的產量。

　　塞弗公司將只通過3到4家工廠來完成先前11家工廠的產量。

　　他說，公司今年已經設定各類卷煙產量超過200億支的目標，這個目標超過了2013年的產量。

　　“自愿裁員計劃與卷煙產量生產減少無關。我們依然能夠以較少的工廠產出相同數量的卷煙，”塞弗說。

　　他說，這個計劃作為國內卷煙市場和產量下滑后的一個鞏固計劃被提出，同樣還由于實施有關卷煙包裝新規定帶來的成本增加。

　　“其它的影響因素包括通貨膨脹、較高的燃料價格、城市變遷或最低保障工資，”塞弗說。

　　爪哇東部人力、移民和人口局主管艾迪·普文納托說，州政府已經為卷煙工廠工人準備了特別培訓計劃，如創業培訓和轉換到其它類型的工作。

　　“考慮到下崗煙草工人的命運，州長索卡沃也致信財政部要求推遲一些關于爪哇東部煙草公司稅負規定的實施，”艾迪說。

Indonesia: Lay-offs and Closures Hit Tobacco Firms

　　The declining cigarette market and the implementation of tighter regulations have led to the loss of tens of thousands of jobs in the cigarette industry in East Java, a trade association says.

　　The Association of Cigarette Employers (Gapero) said that currently there were 1,970 small-scale cigarette factories, down from 3,000 in 2007. Of this figure, 563 are located in East Java, a significant drop compared to that of 2007 with 1,100 factories.

　　Jhony, chairman of the Malang branch of Gapero, said there were some 400 cigarette companies operating in Greater Malang in 2009 but the figure plunged to 77 in 2013, adding that only 40 companies had a "healthy" financial status.

　　"The [financially] healthy cigarette companies still have routine production, while others are under-performing. Today, the cigarette business in Malang is sluggish, making it impossible to recruit new workers," he said on Tuesday.

　　Meanwhile, Cigarette Factory Association coordinator Said Abubakar Lutfi said various cigarette companies were likely to downsize the number of employees in an effort to save their businesses.

　　"Cigarette companies in Malang will cut some 20 percent of employees on average. These efficiency measures are being applied not only to contract-based workers, but also to regular employees. This is being done to prevent business closures," he said.

　　Lutfi said besides declining sales, another factor that would threaten the industry was the increase in tobacco excise in 2015.

　　One of the employers that has reduced its number of staff is the Bentoel Group, the fourth-largest cigarette manufacturer in Indonesia. The company has offered voluntarily redundancy to 1,000 of its 8,000 employees.

　　The Bentoel Group's head of corporate and regulatory affairs, Shaiful Bahari Mahpar, said the voluntary redundancies had been on offer since Monday. He said they would not affect the company's production volume.

　　Shaiful said the company would work with only three to four factories to produce the same amount of cigarettes as previously produced by its 11 factories.

　　He said, however, the company had set a target to produce more than 20 billion cigarettes of all types this year, which is more than were produced in 2013.

　　"The voluntary redundancy program has nothing to do with a decrease in cigarette production. We can still produce the same amount of cigarettes in fewer factories," Shaiful said.

　　The program, he said, was offered as a consolidation measure following a decline in the national cigarette market and production, as well as an increase in production costs due to the implementation of new regulations regarding cigarette packaging.

　　"Other influencing factors include inflation, higher fuel prices and changes in city or regency minimum wages," Shaiful said.

　　Head of the East Java Manpower, Transmigration and Population Agency, Edi Purwinarto, said the provincial administration had prepared a special retraining program for cigarette factory workers such as training in entrepreneurship and transfers to other types of work.

　　"Governor Soekarwo has also sent a letter to the finance minister to ask for postponements in the imposition of some regulations considered as burdens on tobacco companies in East Java with regard to the fate of laid off tobacco workers," Edi said. Enditem