溫斯頓·丘吉爾對雪茄和酒精有著傳奇般的熱愛，我們請了兩位專家來檢驗他對美好生活的品味，并將事實和謠言區(qū)分開來。

Winston Churchill had a legendary love of cigars and drinks. We asked two experts to examine his taste for the good life, and separate fact from fiction

試想一下，如果偉大的溫斯頓·丘吉爾的嘴巴或者手指間沒有夾著一根雪茄，幾乎是不可能的。和他酗酒有關的故事更是比比皆是。他對這兩者的癖好，享用的數(shù)量之多，即使是我們之間最強悍的人，也無法比擬他。傳說中他似乎是一個超人。而什么是真實，什么是傳說？他真的如同被描述的那樣，從早到晚都在抽雪茄喝酒嗎？為了揭開真想，我們聯(lián)系了兩位專家，一位是李·波洛克，國際丘吉爾協(xié)會的董事會的受托人和顧問。一位是羅伯·福克斯，他是倫敦和愛爾蘭的詹姆斯·J·福克斯雪茄店的股東之一。

Imagining the great Sir Winston Churchill without a cigar clamped in his jaws or between his fingers is almost impossible. Stories that relate his prodigious drinking abound. His appetites for both, in quantities that would render even the hardiest among us incapacitated, seem superhuman. What is real and what is legend? Was he truly—as he is so often portrayed—never without a smoke, drinking morning, noon and night? To uncover the truth, we reached out to the experts: Lee Pollock, trustee and advisor to the Board of The International Churchill Society, and Rob Fox, a co-owner of James J. Fox in London and Ireland.

傳言：丘吉爾抽了數(shù)量驚人的雪茄。

真相：根據(jù)一個合理的標準。

Legend: Churchill smoked a staggering amount of cigars.

Reality: By any reasonable standard.

福克斯說，丘吉爾抽的雪茄數(shù)量確實非同尋常。他的雪茄店1787年開業(yè)，當時店址在倫敦圣詹姆斯街19號，丘吉爾是這家雪茄店的常客。福克斯有手寫的分類賬、電報和其他紀錄可以佐證丘吉爾在這家店購買了幾十萬支雪茄。在1964年的半年時間，也就是丘吉爾去世前一年，丘吉爾購買了825支雪茄。4月份250支，6月份275支，7、8、9月份每個月100支。他購買的品種相當一致。他在很多雪茄店那里消費，但是我們是他最大的一家供應商。

“The number of cigars he smoked is truly extraordinary,” says Fox, whose company sold its first cigars in 1787. Churchill was a client of the store (then called Robert Lewis) at London’s 19 St. James Street. Fox has handwritten ledgers, telegrams and other records that document that the soldier/statesman bought hundreds of thousands of cigars there. During one six-month stretch in 1964—the year before he died—Churchill bought 825 cigars: 250 in April, 275 cigars in June and 100 per month in July, August and September. “It was a pretty consistent pattern of what he was buying,” says Fox. And that wasn’t the only shop supplying him with cigars. “He was doing business with a lot of cigar stores,” says Fox, “but we were one of his largest suppliers.”

傳言：他幾乎在任何地方抽雪茄。

真相：根據(jù)照片來佐證。

Legend: He would smoke just about anywhere.

Reality: According to photographic evidence.

1931年丘吉爾訪問紐約時，他當時忘記在美國開車應該靠道路的右側行使，他的車被撞了。回到英國后，丘吉爾被抬上了救護車。有一張照片顯示他開心的笑著，還在抽雪茄。這不是丘吉爾唯一一次在拍到坐在擔架上抽著雪茄。

While visiting New York City in 1931, Churchill momentarily forgot that Americans drive on the right (or wrong, in his view) side of the road and was struck by a car. Upon his return home to England, Churchill was strapped to a gurney and put into an ambulance. A photo of the moment shows him smiling happily, puffing on his cigar. It wasn’t the only time Churchill was photographed on a stretcher smoking a cigar.

?傳言：他只抽丘吉爾尺寸。

真相：不完全如此。

Legend: He only smoked Churchills.

Reality: Close, but no cigar.

古巴的丘吉爾尺寸雪茄是47環(huán)徑粗，7英寸長。這個尺寸是以丘吉爾的名字命名。但是丘吉爾本人購買的雪茄長短不一。福克斯說，賬本顯示，丘吉爾購買了不同品牌的不同尺寸的雪茄。多次購買了不屬于古巴羅密歐與朱麗葉的主要產(chǎn)品線的羅密歐金字塔、羅密歐大美食家，還有其他雪茄。

Cuba’s Churchill size—seven inches long by 47 ring gauge—was named for the great statesman, but he smoked cigars of varying size. “He bought all sorts of different brands and sizes,” says Fox, whose ledgers show repeated purchases of Romeo y Julieta Pirámides and Romeo Epicure Grandes, which are no longer part of the main Cuban Romeo line, as well as other smokes.

傳言：丘吉爾從來不買便宜貨。

真相：也不一定，視情況而定。

Legend: He never shopped for bargains.

Reality: Depended on the occasion.

一封落款日期為1963年10月8日的給羅伯特·劉易斯雪茄商店的電報詳細說明了丘吉爾給他的孫子訂購雪茄的訂單，上面寫著：一盒25支裝的質量良好的雪茄，不一定要比羅密歐與朱麗葉要好。根據(jù)李·波洛克的介紹，在1930年代的一次美國之旅中，丘吉爾以147美元的總價購買了1000支皇家達比朗費羅雪茄，平均每支不到15美分。丘吉爾不得不到處節(jié)約，畢竟他的雪茄、葡萄酒和吃飯開銷都很可觀。

A telegram to the Robert Lewis shop, dated October 8, 1963, details Churchill’s order for a gift of cigars for his grandson. “A box of 25 cigars of good quality, but not quite as good as the Romeo & Juliet,” it reads. On a trip to the United States in the 1930s, according to Pollock, he bought Royal Darby Longfellows, paying $147 for 1,000 (less than 15 cents apiece). “He had to economize here and there,” says Pollock. “His bills for cigars, wine and food were considerable.”

傳言：丘吉爾收藏了大量雪茄。

真相：你的雪茄保濕盒有多大呢？

Legend: He had vast stocks of smokes.

Reality: How big is your humidor?

在肯特郡查特韋爾莊園丘吉爾的住處，有一個雪茄儲藏區(qū)，大概可以存放3000支到4000支左右的雪茄。李·波洛克介紹說。

“At Chartwell, his home in Kent, he had a cigar storage area with 3,000 or 4,000 cigars,” says Pollock.

傳言：丘吉爾每天起來都會先喝一杯威士忌。

真相：確實如此。

Legend: His day began with a glass of Scotch.

Reality: It did indeed.

正如電影《至暗時刻》里表現(xiàn)的那樣，丘吉爾一大早起來就在床上抽雪茄，喝蘇格蘭威士忌、蘇打水。早上八點左右醒來，開始閱讀一大堆報紙。直到十點才下床。一整天他都會小口飲他的蘇格蘭威士忌，摻著水。

Just as portrayed in the film Darkest Hour, Churchill greeted the morning with a cigar and a Scotch and soda while in bed. Pollock explains that he would wake around 8 a.m. and begin reading through a stack of newspapers, not leaving bed until about 10. He would sip his Scotch, adding water to it throughout the day.

傳言：丘吉爾經(jīng)常喝醉。

真相：他能拿捏的住。

Legend: He was often inebriated.

Reality: He held his liquor.

李·波洛克介紹說，丘吉爾確實很能喝酒，但是沒有傳言中的那么多，有點被夸大了。午餐時丘吉爾喝一些香檳，其他餐點時他喝法國紅白葡萄酒，白天的晚些時候喝干邑，晚上喝的比較多的是蘇格蘭威士忌。他也比較喜歡馬提尼酒。丘吉爾不喜歡甜味的酒，這和美國總統(tǒng)富蘭克林·德拉諾·羅斯福不太一樣，后者有一段時間喜歡喝苦艾酒。丘吉爾喜歡喝酒不代表他經(jīng)常喝醉，目前幾乎沒有他在公共場合喝醉的紀錄。丘吉爾還有一句名言：我從酒精中吸收的比它從我身上吸收的要多。

“He drank a lot, but he didn’t drink near as much as popular legend would have it,” says Pollock. “The amount he drank was exaggerated.” It is true that Churchill drank Champagne with lunch, French reds and whites with other meals, Cognac later in the day and more Scotch at night. He also liked Martinis. (And he liked them exceptionally dry, unlike his ally, U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who made them “very long on vermouth,” says Pollock.) But all this drinking didn’t mean Churchill was stumbling around. “There’s almost no record of him being drunk in public,” says Pollock, giving credence to Churchill’s famous line: “I have taken more out of alcohol than it has taken out of me.”

傳言：丘吉爾只買名牌貨。

真相：對于喝酒來說，這是真的。

Legend: He was brand loyal.

Reality: True, for his drinks….

在丘吉爾的那個年代，混合威士忌比單一麥芽威士忌更受歡迎，他喜歡尊尼獲加的紅牌和黑牌。他也喜歡波爾羅杰的香檳。丘吉爾和波爾羅杰一家關系較好。波爾羅杰專門為他創(chuàng)造了一款香檳：波爾羅杰的溫斯頓丘吉爾特釀。

對于雪茄，丘吉爾不挑牌子。他確實最喜歡的品牌是羅密歐與朱麗葉，但這不是他唯一抽的品牌。丘吉爾生活的那個年代，大部分雪茄愛好者是只抽某個牌子的某一款雪茄。但是丘吉爾不是這樣。他抽過各種各樣的牌子。每一次買雪茄時，他的訂單包括多個品牌的多個款。一次可能買三四個牌子，每個牌子都會買好幾盒不同系列的雪茄。

Churchill’s Scotch of choice was Johnnie Walker Red or Black (blends were far more prevalent than single malts in his day) and he adored Pol Roger Champagne. “He became quite friendly with the Pol Roger family,” says Pollock. Pol Roger created a special Champagne in his honor, Pol Roger Cuvée Winston Churchill.

…But not his cigars. “His favorite brand was Romeo y Julieta, but it wasn’t the only brand he smoked,” says Fox. Most cigar smokers in Churchill’s day stuck to one size from one brand. Not Sir Winston, who puffed a variety, much like the cigar smoker of today, only on a far grander scale. “He was buying all sorts of different brands and sizes,” says Fox. “He bought multiple boxes of multiple lines per order. One order could be three or four brands, and multiple boxes within those lines.”

傳言：丘吉爾基本沒有留下什么雪茄。

真相：是的，絕大部分都被他抽了。

Legend: He left few cigars behind.

Reality: He smoked most of them.

在丘吉爾的一生，從沒有舉辦過一場大型的雪茄拍賣會。他買雪茄不是為了收藏，而是用來消費的。在今天的倫敦福克斯雪茄商店的櫥柜里，還陳列著丘吉爾曾經(jīng)擁有的一盒雪茄，里面還有羅密歐與朱麗葉雪茄，還有一個丘吉爾曾經(jīng)使用過的雪茄盒。

“There was never a big, huge auction of cigars at the end of Churchill’s life. It wasn’t as if he was buying to collect,” says Fox. “He was buying to consume.” A box of cigars once owned by Sir Winston—along with the Romeo y Julietas it contained—is on display at Fox’s shop in London, under glass, along with a cigar case once carried by the Prime Minister.?